This document provides details on how to configure fiscal year variants in SAP and explains various options which are available to cater to business requirements e.g. Calendar Year as fiscal year, shortened fiscal year or fiscal year variant where the posting periods do not correspond to calendar months.
Scenarios
The fiscal year is a time period used to prepare the financial statements in organizations. Based on the business needs some organizations have fiscal years which start from Jan to Dec and some Apr to Mar etc. Fiscal year can be further divided into shorter time frames which can be months which are referred to as periods.
In SAP the fiscal year is assigned as a variant. Posting periods can further be defined in each fiscal year variant. SAP allows a maximum of 16 posting periods in each fiscal year. It consists of 12 regular posting periods and 4 special periods which can be used for audit or tax adjustments to already closed periods. One fiscal year variant can be assigned to multiple company codes.
However when posting periods are defined there can be different scenarios, based on which the periods need to be defined in SAP:
- Fiscal Year of organization is same as Calendar Year
- Organisation follows a Non-Calendar Fiscal Year
The document aims to provide details of the configurations required to define the posting periods for the above scenarios.
Solutions
The configurations for the fiscal year and corresponding period details can be done in SPRO settings as per details given below:
- Path: Financial Accounting >> Financial Accounting Global settings >> Fiscal Year >> maintain Fiscal year variant (maintain shortened fiscal year)
- Transaction Code: OB29
Scenario 1: Fiscal Year of organization is same as Calendar Year
In the OB29 initial screen as given below we would need to click on New Entries.
In the new entries screen a new fiscal year variant (it has to be unique) has to be defined, details to be provided are the description and the indicator Calendar Yr needs to be checked. The changes have to be saved.
In the above example, each fiscal year of a fiscal year variant uses the same number of periods and the posting periods always start and end at the same day of the year. As in the above example the fiscal year is calendar year dependent so it will be 12 posting periods.
Scenario 2: Organisation follows a Non-Calendar Fiscal Year
When organization follows a Non calendar year fiscal year, the posting periods need to be defined by assigning ending dates to each period. It can have between 1 to 16 posting periods. If the non-calendar year does not start at January 1st the periods of the year which belong to the former or the coming fiscal year must get an annual displacement indicator (-1, +1).
To start in the OB29 initial screen as given below we would need to click on New Entries. In the new entries screen the details to be entered are Fiscal year variant, description and the no. of posting periods and special posting periods. The changes need to be saved.
User would then need to go back to the main screen of OB29, and select the new fiscal year defined earlier and double click on Periods and enter the details as given below.While defining the periods in the example below assumption is organization uses Apr to Mar posting periods.
The configuration needs to be to cater to the fact that the months which fall in the next (Jan to Mar) needs to have a year shift indicator -1 maintained as given below.
Another point to note is the day limit for February should be 29 to be prepared for leap years.
Related Content
help.sap.com:
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/96/8b2fc843ce11d189ee0000e81ddfac/content.htm
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