Have mentioned some examples from SAP as well in to one Document.
PRODUCT ALLOCATION
In SPRO
- Maintain Field Catalog
Note: Field Catalog contains the field that can be used for Rules based Availability check and Product allocations
Example
Fields from the field catalog and values from the sales order
Field | Values from the sales order at runtime |
Sales organization | 1000 (= U.S.) |
Division | 101 (= consumer) |
Distribution channel | 01 (= retail trade) |
Order type | TA (= standard order) |
Procedure:
- You maintain a field catalog in Customizing for the Advanced Planning and Optimization by choosing Global ATP - Product Allocations -
Maintain Field Catalog. - Choose new entries.
- Generate the selection list using the input help (F4) and choose the fields that you want to use as parameters by double-clicking.
At runtime, these fields are filled with data from the OLTP system
(for example, with data from the sales order). You can also enter the data
manually, if you want to carry out a simulation in APO.
The following fields are exceptions:
- MATNR
- WERKS
- RULE_MATNR
- RULE_WERKS
- LOCFR
- LOCTO
They are, in part, dynamically filled at runtime (see SAP Note 655833).
4. Choose Save - You created a field catalog.
Including Additional Fields in the Field Catalog
Use
You want to use the customer-specific fields that are not contained
in the field catalog. To include customer-specific fields in the field catalog,
proceed as follows:
· Create a data element (data type) to receive unique text
information for the customer-specific field in the field catalog.
· Add the customer-specific field to the structure /SAPAPO/KOMGOZ
· Add the customer-specific field to the field catalog.
· On the R/3 side, copy the source code to the Include.
Procedure
1. From the SAP APO main screen, choose Tools ® ABAP/4 Workbench ® Development ® Dictionary.
2. Select the data type in the initial screen, enter the name of the customer-specific data element, and choose Enter. Use the namespace “Z” to designate that you are using a customer-specific data element. A dialog box appears when the data element has been selected.
3. Choose Continue - A message indicating that the object is in the customer namespace appears. Continue creating the data element.
4. Enter a short text in the Short description field and enter “CHAR40“in the Domains field. Maintain the text information on the field name tab. This text information is used to display the fields in the field catalog that refer to this data element (Z_WERK, for example).
5. Save the data element.
6. Activate the data element.
7. Return to the initial screen of the ABAP Dictionary, select Structure, enter /SAPAPO/KOMGOZ, and choose Change.
8. Specify the name for the component and the data element for the component type. Save and activate the structure.
9. In Customizing for Advanced Planning and Optimization choose Global ATP - Product Allocations - Maintain Field Catalog - New Entries.
10. Using the input help (F4), choose the customer-specific field and then save.
To make the corresponding changes in the SAP R/3 system, read Note 174969.
2. Maintain Product allocation object
Transaction: SPRO
You assign the product allocation object to a product allocation procedure in the product allocations control. This assignment is a prerequisite for product allocations.
Click on ‘New Entries’ enter the Product allocation object name and description and save.
3. Maintain Product allocation Group
Click on New Entries.
Enter the Product Allocation group name and other details
Double click on “Characteristics “on the left Dialog Structure.
Enter the characteristics you want to use for Product allocation and save.
Note: The Characteristic- KONOB (Product allocation object) is present by default.
Note: The product allocation object (KONOB) must always be the first characteristic.
Double click on the “Consumption” period on the left Dialog Structure. Click on New Entries and enter the Prod allocation group name along with other details for consumption, such as backward and forward consumption periods etc. and save
Structure
- Communication structure
The communication structure determines the
hierarchy level of the sales order (header, item or schedule line), from which
the checking date is taken for product allocations. Only the schedule line
level is currently supported
b. Check date
The check date is the date on which the
product allocations check is carried out. Possible check dates include the product availability
date, the goods issue date and the delivery date. The check date is used
to select periods with the product allocation quantities. The check date is the
start of the consumption period. The consumption period situation is determined
anew for each product allocations step of the product allocations procedure and
for the schedule line of the sales order.
c. Time buckets profile
Indicator that specifies into which periods the key figures (quantities, product allocation quantities or capacities) is copied (for example, daily, weekly, monthly, posting periods).
d. Characteristics
The product allocation is chosen by a characteristics combination. The values of the characteristics combination are copied from the sales order to the availability check. If the characteristics combination does not exist in the characteristics directory, the system searches for a collective product allocation using the masking indicator. The structure /SAPAPO/KOMGO contains the largest number of allowed characteristics that can be used for the rules-based availability check and for product allocations. The field catalog includes the characteristics used.
The majority of characteristic values are copied from the calling system. Via a User exit in the calling system, special characteristics must be determined from the sales order and the master data and added to the list. Characteristic values from customer-specific characteristics must be supplemented by a user exit.
e. Characteristics sequence
The item determines the characteristics sequence in the product allocation group. The sequence is used for displaying characteristics and for searching for collective product allocations.
Characteristics are displayed by item in ascending order. Characteristics without items are displayed at the end inalphabetical order. When searching for collective product allocations, the system fills the characteristics by item in the opposite order using the masking indicator.
Characteristics without items are not taken into account by the system when searching for collective product allocations.
The product allocations object must be the first characteristic in the product allocation group. The product allocations object is not taken into account by
the system when searching for collective product allocations.
f. Consumption periods
Consumption periods consist of the number of past (backward consumption period) and future (forward consumption period)
periods:
- Backward consumption period
The numbers of periods before the product
allocations check date from the sales order that can be used to calculate the
current product allocation quantity. Unused product allocation quantities in
these periods are cumulated before checking product allocations for the current
period.
- Forward consumption period
The numbers of periods after the product
allocations check date from the sales order that can be used for the current
consumption period. The schedule lines, together with the confirmed quantities,
are postponed by product allocations at the latest until the specified period.
The period type (day, week, month and
posting period) is defined in the settings for the product allocation group. If
you have set the without past periods indicator, product allocations from past
periods (before today) are not used - even if they lie in the consumption
period.
You can use the consumption periods as follows
Past periods | Future periods | Results |
999 | 999 | unlimited consumption |
999 | 0 | unlimited cumulation of unused quantities from past |
0 | 999 | no cumulation of unused product allocation quantities |
The check date and consumption period are
determined per product allocation group. You can use the product allocation
group in different product allocations procedures. The product allocation group
always has the same consumption settings.
g. Characteristics during Product allocation while using RBA:
If product allocation should be carried out for the product substitution or in location determination within a rules-based availability check, then you
should have included the characteristics from the enhanced field catalog (via product allocations: search help field catalog enhancement) in the product
allocation group.
Example
If product allocation should be carried out in location determination,
the field RULE_WERKSshould be used
instead of WERKS in the product allocation group. In the case of product
allocation for product
substitution, you should have included the field RULE_MATNR instead
of MATNR in the product allocation group; otherwise, product allocation
is carried out for the requested product.
4. Maintain Product allocation Procedure – The Product allocation procedure determines how products are allocated.
The Product allocation Procedure needs to be entered in the location-specific product master (Location – Dependent and location – Independent sequences) - Covered in the later part.
Click on New Entries.
Enter the Procedure details and save.
Select the procedure and double click on Step Sequence on the left dialog procedure. Enter the steps to be included in
the Procedure.
Select the Step and double click ‘Control’ on the left Dialog Structure.
Click on new entries and enter the details i.e. the product allocation objects and their validity period.
In product allocations, you can use two different methods to consume the order quantity against the product allocation quantity. You determine which method is used using the indicator for the product allocations method (cumulated). Multilevel steps of product allocation groups can be combined into product allocations procedures.
If an order is checked, every step (product allocation group) in the sequence is evaluated. The result of previous steps is copied to subsequent steps. In the product allocations procedure, the final result of product allocations is calculated from a logical "And" combination, which is provided by each product allocation group.
METHODS:
- Discrete check
If you have not set the cumulated indicator, is used for product allocations (discrete product availability check).
Using this method, the quantity from the sales document is consumed against the product allocation quantity. This is carried out on the basis of the product allocation quantities for current and future periods only (unused product allocation quantities from past periods are not taken into account).
Product allocation quantities
January | February | March | April | May |
50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
If an order is placed for 150 pieces on 03.01., the product allocations check proposes 50 pieces for March, 50 pieces for April and 50 pieces for May. The quantities still available in January and February are not taken into account.
If you use this method, the product allocations counter, with which you can define several product allocations steps using different product allocation groups, is not available. The only hierarchy step value allowed is 1.
- Cumulated check
If you have set the cumulated indicator, which implements a checking logic of the cumulated product availability, is used. Using this checking logic, the quantity is consumed against the product allocation quantities still available. Unused product allocation quantities from past periods are included in the calculation of the available product allocation quantity for the current period.
Example
January | February | March | April | May |
50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
If a customer places an order for 150 pieces on 03.01, the unused product allocation quantities from past periods (50 pieces for January + 50 pieces for February) are cumulated and then 150 pcs of the available product allocation quantity are determined in the product allocations check. A total available product allocation quantity of 150 pieces is confirmed
for the date.
Product allocations counter
You can define several product allocations steps using different criteria. The final confirmed quantity is the minimum quantity confirmed of the individual product allocations steps. You can carry out the following checks using this function:
- Step: Check order
quantity against the plant capacity for the relevant periods - Step: Check order quantity against the product allocation
quantities allowed for the customer
Consumption period
The consumption period defines the number of periods before and after the check period. A product allocation group, which determines the criteria for selecting the product allocation time series, is assigned to the product allocations step in the sequence of product allocation
procedures.
A product allocation group can be used for several product allocations procedures. All procedures, which have been assigned to a product allocation group, must have the same product allocations method. This means that a product allocation group supports either a discrete
or a cumulated check. In addition, a product allocation group can only be used once in a procedure.
Masking indicator
You can specify a masking indicator for each product allocation group. The key for the general entries (= collective product allocations) is created from the masking indicator. Using the characteristics of collective product allocations function, you add general entries to the characteristics directory. A default entry is thereby created for each node in the hierarchy (determined by the sequence).
You must use the same masking indicator per product allocation group even if the product allocation group has been assigned to different procedures. For multiple assignments of a product allocation group, you can decide if a masking indicator should be used or not. However, differing masking indicators are not allowed for the same product allocation group.
Several objects with different validity periods can be assigned to the product allocations step. The validity periods do not overlap.
The relevant product allocations object is determined using the check date from the order as a basis.
The characteristics combination with the saved product allocations is determined using the product allocations object. Product allocations are not
carried out in inactive validity periods. Nevertheless, for technical reasons involving the database, a product allocations object must be assigned in such instances even though it will not be taken into account.
5. Maintain Sequence of Product allocation Procedures (Optional) – If there is more than one PAP Determines the allocation Qty.
When more than one product allocation procedure determines the allocation quantity, they can be combined in a sequence of product allocation procedures. The sequence defines the order of combination of the product allocation procedures.
The sequence of product allocation procedures is maintained in the material master, either location-dependently or cross-location-dependently.
To demonstrate the functionality we define a sequence with only one product allocation procedure.
- Choose New entries
- Enter Procedure sequence
- Select the procedure list
– new entries ( you can enter multiple procedure list)
6. Create Planning object structure.
Go to transaction: /SAPAPO/MSDP_ADMIN
Enter the name for Planning object structure and click OK.
Select the characteristics and add them to the Planning object structure and activate.
7. Create Characteristic combinations.
Go to transaction: /SAPAPO/MC62
Enter the name of the created Planning object sructure and click ‘Create characteristic combination’
Enter the haracteristic combinations. Then Select the combinations and click on ‘Generate’ button (Red & white button)
The Characteristic combinations are generated.
8. Create Planning Area.
Go to transaction: /SAPAPO/MSDP_ADMIN
Enter the details for Planning area and click ‘OK’.
Go to ’Key Figs’ tab. Select the Key figures in the Planning area. Save
Go back to (:/SAPAPO/MSDP_ADMIN)
Right click the created Planning area and select ‘Generate time series objects’.
Enter the details and click “Execute”.
The Planning area is initialized (status turns Green)
9. Maintain connection
between Planning area and Product Allocation Group. ( SPRO)
Click on ‘New Entries’, Fill in the entries, assigning Product alloc group to Planning Area.
Select the assignment row and double click/Select ‘Characteristics’ on the left dialog Structure.
Click on New entries; enter the characteristics mapping the ones in the planning area to the characteristics of
the product allocation group.
Select/ double click ‘Key Figure’ on the left Dialog Structure.
Click on New entries; enter the key figures, mapping the ones in the planning area to the key figures of the product allocation group.
Only 2 Key figures can be mapped between Product allocation group and planning area
KCQTY = Product allocation Qty
AEMENGE = Incoming Order Qty
10. Transfer characteristic combinations from planning area to the Product allocation group.
Transaction: /SAPAPO/ATPQ_PAREA_K
Click Execute.
The characteristic combinations are transferred/ adopted from the planning area.
11. Copying characteristic combinations in to a planning area
Transaction: /SAPAPO/ATPQ_PAREA_C
In this step, you copy the characteristics combinations to the master data of a planning area.
This step is required in order to execute planning.
12. Transfer of Incoming Order quantity to planning Area.
Transaction code: /SAPAPO/ATPQ_PAREA_W
(Set the flag 'Transf.incom.ord.qty')
A Key figure to represent the SO Quantity in the planning area and mapped it to the product allocation group
13. Check Product allocation settings:
This is to check the product allocation customizing
The Output will give an overview of the PAG, PAP, Generated Objects, Characteristic combination, Control.
14. Create Planning Book.
Go to transaction: /SAPAPO/SDP8B
Enter the Name of the Planning Book and click ‘Create’.
Select Key figures from Planning Area to the planning book. Continue.
Select characteristics into the Planning book and Continue
Enter the name and description for the Data view along with other details and continue.
Select Key figures from planning book to the Data view. Click ‘Complete’
NOTE: You can go to the Planning book again and change the text of the key figures in the ‘Key fig.
Attributes’ tab, to something meaningful such as Incoming quantities and allocated quantities etc.
15. Entering Product allocation values in the Data view.
Go to transaction: /SAPAPO/SDP94
Expand your planning book to see the data view and double click on the data view.
Click on the selection window button on the top.
Enter the selection details and click ‘Ok’
The characteristic values appear on the left.
Select (Double click) any characteristic and allocate quantities to it on the right side and Save.
16. Copy Product allocation Data from planning area to Product allocation Group
Transaction Code: /SAPAPO/ATPQ_PAREA_R
In this activity, the product allocation data is copied from the planning area to the product allocation group. According to the system settings, the system
checks the product allocation assignment in the allocation group during the availability check. As soon as the data is copied to the product allocation
group, the allocation data can be considered during check against product allocation.
17. Assign Product allocation procedure to the Material master.
Transaction: /SAPAPO/MAT1
Go to ‘ATP’ tab of the material master
18. Run a simulation.
Transaction: /SAPAPO/AC04
Enter the details and execute.
19. Some Enhancements.
Enhancements:
Enhancements for product allocation are
APOQT001 – Enhancement for initialization
APOQT010 - copy parameters
APOQT012 - product allocations control
APOQT021 - product allocations
APOQT022 - consumption at beginning situation
APOQT023 - order consumption
APOQT032 - results control
APOQT033 - sequenceof product allocation procedures
APOQT007 - product allocation assignment of partial deliveries
APOQT018 - adjusting field catalog
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